Shoulder Fracture Surgery in Ankara, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Murat Demirel, one of the best orthopedic doctors performing shoulder fracture surgery in Ankara, stands out with his expertise and experience in the treatment of shoulder fractures caused by trauma, falls, or accidents. Shoulder fractures are serious injuries that restrict joint movements and cause severe pain. Proper and timely surgical intervention ensures both the preservation of joint functions and a long-term pain-free life. Prof. Dr. Demirel applies personalized surgical plans to his patients by serving in hospitals in Ankara equipped with advanced medical technology and high hygiene standards.

Before surgery, Prof. Dr. Demirel evaluates the structure of the fracture and the condition of the joint using detailed imaging methods, and closely monitors his patients after surgery. With doctor’s recommendations after shoulder fracture surgery, he ensures the healing process is safe, fast, and permanent. In addition, he provides transparent information regarding shoulder fracture surgery prices in Ankara, helping his patients make informed decisions. You can also contact us immediately to make an appointment to regain your shoulder health, reduce your pain, and increase your freedom of movement.

Where Do Shoulder Fractures Occur in the Body?

To better understand shoulder fractures, let’s briefly look at the structure of the shoulder. This area, called the shoulder girdle, consists of bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments working in harmony. Fractures mainly concern the bone structures.

There are three main bones in the shoulder region that can break.

Clavicle (Collarbone): A thin, S-shaped bone that acts as a bridge between the breastbone and shoulder. You can think of it as a “sling” that keeps the arm at a healthy distance from the body. Because it is very close to the surface, it is one of the most frequently fractured shoulder bones in falls.

Scapula (Shoulder Blade): A triangular, flat, and wide bone located at the upper back. It provides a strong base for arm movements and attachment points for many important muscles. Since it is surrounded by thick muscle tissue and protected by the rib cage, it is very difficult to fracture; it usually breaks only as a result of very severe trauma.

Humerus (Upper Arm Bone): The long bone between the shoulder and elbow. The part that concerns us is its upper end, shaped like a ball, called the “humeral head,” which forms the ball of the shoulder’s famous “ball-and-socket” joint.

The connections of these three bones with each other and the body form the shoulder joints. In addition, a very important group of muscles and tendons called the “rotator cuff,” which provides shoulder movement and stability, attaches to these bones. When a shoulder fracture occurs, not only the bone but also these soft tissues may be affected, and the treatment plan must consider all these structures as a whole.

What Are the Common Causes of Shoulder Fractures?

Shoulder fractures almost always occur due to trauma, meaning an impact or strain. The severity of this trauma, the person’s age, and bone health play a determining role in the occurrence of the fracture. While it takes serious force to break the shoulder bone of a young and healthy individual, even a simple fall can cause fractures in an elderly person with osteoporosis.

The specific causes of fractures may differ depending on the bone involved.

Causes of Clavicle Fractures:

• Direct fall on the shoulder
• Fall on an outstretched hand
• Bicycle or motorcycle accidents
• Contact sports such as football or ice hockey
• During childbirth in babies (rarely)

Causes of Upper Arm (Proximal Humerus) Fractures:

• Simple domestic falls in elderly individuals
• High-energy traffic accidents in young people
• Sports injuries (skiing, snowboarding, etc.)

Causes of Scapula Fractures:

• Severe motor vehicle accidents
• Falling from a great height
• Direct crushing blows to the back

Who Is at Higher Risk of Shoulder Fractures?

Certain conditions and characteristics can make a person more prone to shoulder fractures. Knowing these risk factors is important for taking preventive measures.

The main factors that increase the risk of shoulder fractures are:

• Advanced Age: As age increases, bone density naturally decreases. This significantly increases the risk of shoulder fractures, especially in individuals over the age of 65.
• Osteoporosis: This disease, which makes bones weak and brittle, is especially common in women after menopause and can cause serious fractures even with the smallest fall.
• Children and Young People: Children with bones not yet hardened and young people with active, fearless lifestyles are particularly prone to clavicle fractures during play and sports.
• Contact Sports: Those engaged in sports such as football, wrestling, judo, or ice hockey face frequent risks of falling and impact, putting them at higher risk.
• Balance Problems: People with neurological diseases, vision disorders, or taking certain medications may experience balance problems, increasing the risk of falls and fractures.
• High-Risk Activities: Those involved in hobbies such as motor sports, mountaineering, or skiing, which involve high speed and risk of falling, are also in the risk group.

What Are the Symptoms That Suggest a Person Has Shoulder Fractures?

When a shoulder fracture occurs, the body usually gives clear signals that are hard to ignore. If you experience one or more of these symptoms after a fall or trauma, you should definitely consult a healthcare facility.

The most common general symptoms of shoulder fractures are:

• Sudden and very severe pain
• Inability to move the arm or unbearable pain when trying to move it
• Rapidly developing swelling at the fracture site
• Significant bruising spreading to the shoulder, chest, and arm
• Visible deformity or collapse in the normal shape of the shoulder
• A cracking or grinding sound (crepitus) when trying to move the shoulder
• Extreme tenderness when touching the fracture site
• Weakness, numbness, or tingling sensation in the affected arm

In addition to these general symptoms, there may also be clues about which bone is fractured. For example, in a clavicle fracture, a sharp protrusion may be felt on the bone just under the skin. In scapula fractures, the pain is more concentrated in the back area and may feel like stabbing even while breathing. These symptoms are the first important steps towards the correct diagnosis.

What Steps Are Followed in the Diagnosis Process of Shoulder Fractures?

When you apply with a suspected shoulder fracture, we conduct a systematic evaluation to clarify the situation and determine the most accurate treatment plan. This process begins with a conversation with you and is confirmed by technological imaging methods.

First, we listen to you carefully. We learn how the injury occurred, when it started, whether you have had a shoulder problem before, your general health status, and your daily life expectations. This is necessary to plan treatment not only for the fracture but also specifically for you. Then, with a careful physical examination, we evaluate the condition of your shoulder. We check for swelling, bruising, or deformity; test the shoulder’s mobility and strength; and assess blood circulation and nerve functions in the arm.

After the physical examination, we use imaging tests to confirm the diagnosis and see all the details of the fracture.

X-ray: The most basic and fastest diagnostic tool that shows bone structures clearly. Usually, several X-rays taken from different angles are enough to confirm the presence, location, and type of fracture.

Computed Tomography (CT): If the fracture is highly fragmented, extends to the joint surface, or if surgery is planned, we request a CT scan, which provides a three-dimensional and much more detailed map of the bone. This is a very valuable guide when planning surgery.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI is used when we suspect accompanying soft tissue injuries rather than the fracture itself. It is the best method to determine whether there is a tear in the rotator cuff, the important muscle group of the shoulder.

Do Shoulder Fractures Always Require Surgery?

This is one of the most frequently asked questions by our patients, and the answer is encouraging: No, not every shoulder fracture requires surgery. In fact, most shoulder fractures, especially “non-displaced” or “minimally displaced” fractures where the bone ends are not far apart, can be successfully treated with non-surgical methods. The key factor here is the position of the fracture fragments. If the bone ends are in an acceptable alignment, we rely on the body’s ability to heal itself.

The main components of non-surgical treatment are as follows:

Immobilization with Arm Sling: To ensure proper healing of the fracture in the correct position, the shoulder must be kept immobile for a while. This is usually achieved with a simple arm sling or shoulder bandage. As for the frequently asked question “Is a shoulder fracture put in a cast?”—casting is very rare in shoulder fractures. The mobility and structure of the shoulder joint are not suitable for casting, and casts can cause permanent stiffness (frozen shoulder). Therefore, slings are almost always preferred.

Pain and Swelling Control: In the first few days, regular ice application and painkillers recommended by your doctor increase comfort and facilitate the healing process.

Physical Therapy and Exercise: Keeping the shoulder completely immobile is undesirable. As soon as the fracture becomes stable enough, very gentle movements (such as pendulum exercises, elbow-wrist movements) are initiated under the supervision of a physiotherapist to prevent stiffness.

In some cases, if the fracture fragments are slightly displaced but borderline for surgery, the bone can be repositioned externally under anesthesia without skin incision (closed reduction). After this procedure, the shoulder is again immobilized with a sling.

In Which Cases Is Surgery Inevitable for Shoulder Fractures?

Although non-surgical treatment is our first choice, in some cases, surgical intervention becomes the best and only option to restore shoulder function. The decision for surgery is made by evaluating many factors such as the type of fracture, the patient’s age, activity level, and overall health.

Surgical treatment is usually inevitable in the following cases:

Open Fracture: When the fractured bone end pierces the skin and comes into contact with the external environment. The risk of infection is very high, so immediate surgery is required.

Significant Displacement: When fracture fragments are far apart or positioned at an unacceptable angle. Healing in this position would cause permanent loss of shoulder function.

Joint Surface Damage: If the fracture extends into the smooth cartilage surface of the shoulder and creates a step in the joint, this leads to severe arthritis (osteoarthritis) later. Surgery is needed to smoothen the joint surface.

Vascular or Nerve Injury: If fracture fragments compress or damage the main vessels or nerves going to the arm, this requires urgent surgery.

Nonunion or Malunion: If non-surgical treatment has been tried before but the bone has not healed (pseudoarthrosis) or has healed in a poor position (malunion), corrective surgery is required to eliminate pain and restore function.

“Floating Shoulder”: A rare and serious condition where both the clavicle and scapula break at critical points, completely disconnecting the shoulder from the body.

What Techniques Are Used in Shoulder Fracture Surgeries?

When shoulder fracture surgery is necessary, our goal is to restore the fracture fragments anatomically—that is, to their original positions—and stabilize them until they heal. Today, there are very advanced techniques and implants available for this purpose.

Plate and Screw Fixation (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation – ORIF): This is the most commonly used method in shoulder fracture surgeries. With a surgical incision, the fracture site is reached, the bone fragments are carefully repositioned like puzzle pieces, and then stabilized using specially designed titanium plates and screws to maintain their positions. This method aims to preserve the natural joint by repairing the bone.

Shoulder Prostheses (Arthroplasty): Sometimes the fracture is so fragmented, or the bone quality (for example, in advanced osteoporosis) is so poor, that it is not possible to repair with plates and screws. In such cases, especially in elderly patients, replacing the damaged joint with an artificial joint (prosthesis) provides a much faster and more reliable solution. This has revolutionized shoulder fracture treatment, particularly in older patients.

Partial Prosthesis (Hemiarthroplasty): Only the fractured head of the upper arm bone (humeral head) is replaced with an artificial head. The socket part of the joint is preserved.

Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Both the fractured head and the worn socket part are replaced with artificial components. It is usually preferred in patients who also have arthritis in addition to the fracture.

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: One of the most important innovations in shoulder surgery. In this special design, the normal biomechanics of the joint are reversed. If the rotator cuff muscles, the main muscle group responsible for lifting the arm, are irreparably damaged or torn, this prosthesis allows the stronger deltoid muscle to take over the lifting function. This method restores function to many patients who previously could not raise their arms.

How Does the Recovery Process Progress After Shoulder Fractures?

There is no single answer to the questions “How does a shoulder fracture heal?” and “How long does a shoulder fracture take to heal?” Recovery is a journey, and its duration depends on the type of fracture, the treatment applied, your age, your general health, and most importantly, your commitment to treatment.

In general, bone healing occurs within 6 to 12 weeks. However, regaining the full strength and mobility of the shoulder may take between 6 months and 1 year. Being patient and following the steps correctly are the keys to success. The recovery process usually progresses in phases, accompanied by a physical therapy and rehabilitation program.

Phase 1: Protection and Early Movement (First 0–6 Weeks)

The goal of this period is to control pain, allow the fracture to heal, and most importantly, prevent permanent stiffness in the shoulder. The arm sling is indispensable during this phase. However, this does not mean the arm should never move.

• Use the arm sling continuously as instructed by your doctor.
• Regularly move your elbow, wrist, and fingers.
• Perform gentle pendulum exercises as shown by your physiotherapist.
• Do not push, pull, or lift anything with the affected arm.
• Avoid sudden and involuntary movements.

Phase 2: Regaining Range of Motion (6–12 Weeks)

Once bone healing is confirmed by X-ray, it is time to gradually regain shoulder movements. This stage should be carried out entirely under the supervision of a physiotherapist.

• The arm sling is gradually discontinued.
• The physiotherapist passively moves your shoulder (without your help).
• Gradually, active-assisted exercises (with your participation) are introduced.
• Some exercises that can be performed at this stage include:
• Sliding the arm forward on a table
• Walking fingers up a wall to lift the arm
• Movements performed with the help of a stick or rolling pin

Phase 3: Strengthening Phase (After the 12th Week)

Once shoulder range of motion has been largely regained, the next step is rebuilding lost muscle strength.

• Exercises with resistance bands (Theraband) are started.
• Shoulder and arm muscles are strengthened with very light weights.
• Particular focus is given to the rotator cuff and the muscles around the scapula.
• It is very important not to rush during this stage and to increase weights gradually.

What Should Be Considered in Daily Life During Shoulder Fracture Recovery?

The recovery process after a shoulder fracture does not only take place in the hospital or during physical therapy. You also need to adapt your daily life at home to this condition. A few practical tips will help you get through this period more comfortably and safely.

Here are some important tips for daily life:

• Sleeping Position: Especially in the first weeks, this is one of the most challenging issues. Lying flat in bed can be painful. The ideal sleeping position for a shoulder fracture is to sleep in a semi-reclined position with your back and head supported by several pillows. Recliner chairs can also be a great solution during this period. Absolutely avoid lying on the fractured side.
• Dressing and Undressing: Even this simple action requires a strategy. When dressing, first put your injured arm into the sleeve, then your head and healthy arm. When undressing, do the opposite: first remove the healthy arm, then the head, and finally gently take out the injured arm. Front-buttoned or zippered, loose clothing will make your life much easier.
• Personal Care and Bathing: Until your wound has completely healed and your doctor gives permission, you must be careful when showering. Once you are able to take a shower, it is safest to sit on a non-slip stool while washing. A handheld showerhead makes the process much easier.
• Nutrition: Bone healing is a process in which the body requires extra energy and nutrients. A diet rich in calcium (dairy products, leafy greens), vitamin D (sunlight, supplements), and protein supports bone healing.
• Smoking and Alcohol: Smoking reduces blood flow to the bones, significantly delaying or even preventing healing. Smoking should be completely avoided during this period. Excessive alcohol consumption negatively affects bone health and increases the risk of falls.
• Patience and Positive Outlook: Recovery is a marathon, not a sprint. Sometimes you may feel progress is slow and experience frustration. This is normal. Remember, every day brings you one step closer to healing. As long as you stay committed to your program, you will largely regain shoulder function.

Frequently Asked Questions