An orthopedic doctor treats diseases of the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and connective tissues. Fractures, dislocations, spinal problems, osteoarthritis, and sports injuries are the most common areas of focus.

An orthopedic doctor not only performs surgery but also treats patients with physical therapy, medication, injections, and lifestyle recommendations. Especially in early-stage problems, non-surgical solutions are preferred.

Surgery is usually considered in cases such as non-healing fractures, the need for prosthesis, severe spinal problems, meniscus tears, or advanced osteoarthritis. The priority is always non-surgical treatment.

While an orthopedic doctor specializes in the musculoskeletal system in general, traumatology specifically deals with fractures and emergency injuries after trauma. In most cases, orthopedics and traumatology are combined into a single specialty.

Meniscus injuries, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, muscle-tendon ruptures, shoulder dislocations, and stress fractures are common in athletes. The orthopedic doctor manages both the surgical and rehabilitation process.

It is necessary to consult an orthopedic doctor in cases of persistent joint pain, swelling, limited movement, difficulty walking, spinal curvature, or after a serious trauma. Early consultation prevents advanced problems.

In hip, knee, or shoulder joint osteoarthritis, the orthopedic doctor performs prosthetic surgery. In this procedure, the damaged joint is removed and replaced with an artificial prosthesis, allowing the patient to move without pain.

X-ray, MRI, CT, and ultrasound are the most commonly used diagnostic methods by orthopedic doctors. These imaging techniques allow detailed examination of joint, bone, and soft tissue damage.